Furnace.



. D. J'. HUDSON.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19, 1909.

Patented June 27, 1911.

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T 0 all whom it may conccm:

Be it known that I, DANIEL J. HUDsoN, of the town of Perth, in the Province of Ontario and Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention.

This invention relates to apparatus for use in connect-ion with furnaces for boilers and the like for the prevention of the smoke nuisance and for better economy in the burning of fuel.

The main object of the invention is to provide a very simple, inexpensive and efficient device that can be used in connection with a furnace; that will not become damaged or deranged; and that will supply a suflicient quantity of oxygen to the fuel chamber, from three sides, in such a manner as to obtain a maximum combustion of fuel,

thus economizing in the consumption of fuel and at the same time consuming the particles of carbon to prevent the accumulation of smoke.

The device consists essentially of a pipe, conduit or flue which enters the furnace wall. preferably from the rear, said flue being provided with any suitable means for supplying forced draft. The flue which enters the furnace wall centrally branches off to encircle both of the longitudinal sides of the furnace, as well as the rear. The flue enters the wall of the furnace, is located therein at a suitable distance above the fire-bed and is provided with openings or apertures leading into the combustion chamber. The apertures at the rear of the furnace are directed against the natural draft of the furnace, while the apertures at the sides are directed at right angles to the line of draft.

In the drawings which illustrate my invention, and in which similar numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout :-Figure 1 is a sectional plan view of a furnace showing my invention attached thereto. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 45 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 67 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings 8 designates the grate bars of the furnace constructed in the usual manner. The combustion chamber above the grate bars is surrounded by side walls 9 and a rear wall 10. At the back of the grate bars and adjacent the rear wall 10 I provide a ledge several inches in width Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 19, 1909.

Patented June 27, 1911. Serial No. 503,252.

above which, between the end of the grate bars and the end wall 10 is a dead air space. The flue or pipe 12 enters the furnace preferably at the rear and centrally thereof, said flue being connected with a suitable fan or blower 13. In Figs. 1 and 2 the pipe 12 is shown in broken lines and of course may be located above or below the furnace as is found most desirable. The pipe 12 enters the rear wall of the furnace and branches off at right angles toward each side, the branch 13 extends around the end and one side of the furnace and being embedded in the wall thereof, and the branch 14 extending in a similar manner around the opposite side of the furnace. These pipes or flues are provided with suitable flanges 15 and terminate at each side of the furnace walls as indicated at 15*.

At the rear of the furnace the flue is provided with a plurality of apertures 16 leading from the flue through the brick wall and opening into the combustion chamber in a direction opposite to the line of draft of the furnace. At each side of the furnace the branch flues 13 and 14 are provided with similar apertures 17 opening into the combustion chamber at right angles to the line of draft. It will be noted therefore that considering the arrows 18 to indicate the natural draft of the furnace, and the arrows 19 to indicate the direction of the forced draft, the flame of combustion will be met directly by the draft from the flues 16 and at right angles from the flues 17 so that a suflicient supply of oxygen will be admitted to the combustion chamber and will be so thoroughly mixed with the flame and gases as to thoroughly consume the fuel and burn the particles of carbon which are ordinarily emitted in the form of smoke.

The apertures 16 are preferably located above the apertures17, z. e. the branch pipes 13 and 14 are given a downward direction at the sides of the furnace in order that a fresh supply of oxygen may be more thorougly mixed with the flame during its rise toward the rear of the furnace. A further considerable advantage resides in this arrangement of the apertures 16 and 17. It will be seen in Fig. 2 that the air jets from the aperture 16 will pass above the apertures 17 toward the front of the furnace. The air jets from the apertures 17 will form a curtain over the fire which will check the V uprush of the flame and gases of combustion laden with particles of free carbon, and will prolong their contact with the fire until they are heated to a high temperature. lVhen the flame and gases finally rise above this air curtain at'a high temperature but with considerably decreased velocity, they are met by the air jets from the apertures 16 and readily thrown back toward the fire together with a fresh supply of oxygen, whereby the carbon particles are readily consumed. The flues l3 and 14: being blocked at the ends by the plates 15 the forced draft which enters the fiues will be evenly distributed and will escape through the apertures 16 and 17, giving the burning gases an upward swirling motion under the influence of the chimney draft that will result in an even distribution of oxygen and heat to all parts of the furnace and a consequent complete combustion of the fuel. It will thus be seen that the purpose of this invention is not to accelerate the draft but to retard the same and to produce higher furnace temperatures by means of an increased supply of oxygen. The retarding of the draft will also prolong the time of passage of the hot gases through or under the boiler, so that the maximum of heat will be absorbed during the passage. The blank space above the ledge 11 at the rear of the grate bars prevents burning of the rear wall 10, as at this point there will be no up-draft and consequently a comparatively cool fire. This small area of low temperature also causes the air jets from the apertures 16 to spread out evenly over the hotter portion of the fire in a comparatively horizontal direction instead of being turned upwardly at the rear of the furnace.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is A device of the character described comprising the combination with a boiler-furnace having a combustion chamber therein, of an air flue entering the rear wall, thereof and branch fiues extending from said air flue around the rear and side walls of the furnace, the branch fiues at the side walls of the furnace lying in a lower plane than the fiues at the rear wall, said rear flues being provided with a plurality of apertures leading into the combustion chamber in a direction opposite to the line of draft, and said side fiues being provided with a series of apertures leading into the combustion chamber at right angles to the line of draft, a ledge adjacentto the rear wall of the furnace behind the grate bars having a dead space above same, and a blower connected with the air flue, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL J. HUDSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). G. 

